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Y Wladfa
''Y Wladfa''〔(Pronunciation at Forvo )〕 ('The Colony'), or more fully ''Y Wladfa Gymreig''〔National Library of Wales' bibliography for ('The Welsh settlement in Patagonia' )〕 ('The Welsh Colony'), also historically and occasionally ''Y Wladychfa''〔''(Gwladychfa Gymreig )'', being an essay by the Rev. Michael D. Jones probably written during the early 1860s, outlining his vision of a Welsh Settlement.〕 and ''Y Wladychfa Gymreig'',〔''Banner Cymru'', Mercher, Mawrth 4, 1857, Cyf. I, Rhif 1, p. 7, col. C, article about a meeting in Caernarfon to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Patagonia as somewhere to establish “Y Wladychfa Gymreig”; see also Williams, R. Bryn, ''Gwladfa Patagonia: The Welsh Colony in Patagonia 1865–1965'' (Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru, Caerdydd, 1965), plate facing p. 33, showing printed money notes for “Gwladychfa Gymreig Patagonia”, with one also bearing the stamp “Y Wladychfa Gymreig”.〕 is a Welsh settlement in Argentina, which began in 1865 and occurred mainly along the coast of Chubut Province in the far southern region of Patagonia.
In the 19th and early 20th century the Argentine government encouraged immigration from Europe to populate the country outside the Buenos Aires region; between 1856 and 1875, 34 settlements of immigrants of various nationalities were established in Santa Fe and Entre Ríos. In addition to the main colony in Chubut, a smaller colony was set up in Santa Fe by 44 Welsh people who left Chubut, and another group settled at Coronel Suárez in southern Buenos Aires Province. In the early 21st century around 50,000 Patagonians were of Welsh descent.〔
The Welsh-Argentine community is centred on Gaiman, Trelew and Trevelin. Chubut estimates the number of Patagonian Welsh speakers to be about 1,500, while other estimates put the number at 5,000.〔''Western Mail'', 27 Dec 2004〕
== History ==
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